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In plain terms
Istihadah
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Istihadah is irregular or prolonged bleeding outside the normal pattern of hayd or nifas. Islamic law treats it as a medical condition, not a state that exempts a woman from worship. A woman experiencing it performs wudu for each prayer and continues to pray and fast.
Related terms
Hayd
Hayd is menstruation. During it, a woman is exempted from prayer and fasting. Specific rulings also apply to other acts of worship, such as touching the mushaf or entering ihram…
Nifas
Nifas is the bleeding that follows childbirth. Like hayd, it exempts a woman from prayer and fasting, and ends with ghusl once it stops. Its maximum recognized duration is…
Wudu
Wudu is the ritual washing performed before prayer and other acts of worship. It follows a set sequence: washing the face, arms, and feet, and wiping the head. It is required…