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In plain terms
Mushaf
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A mushaf is a physical copy of the Qur'an, bound as a book. Fatwas on handling and respect use this specific term — for instance, touching it without wudu, or disposing of a worn-out copy. Different mushaf editions may vary slightly in script and layout, though not in text.
Related terms
Wudu
Wudu is the ritual washing performed before prayer and other acts of worship. It follows a set sequence: washing the face, arms, and feet, and wiping the head. It is required…
Surah
A surah is a chapter of the Qur'an. There are 114 of them, of varying length, each with its own name. Fatwas on the virtue of reciting a specific chapter usually name it by its…
Ayah
An ayah is a single verse of the Qur'an, the smallest numbered unit of its text. The same word also means 'sign' more broadly. Fatwas citing the Qur'an give the surah and ayah…