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In plain terms
Ifrad
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Ifrad is performing hajj on its own, without combining it with umrah in the same ihram. Unlike tamattu' and qiran, it does not require a hady, a sacrificial offering. A pilgrim performing ifrad may still choose to perform umrah separately afterward.
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Related terms
Hajj
Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, performed during a set period in the Islamic calendar. It is obligatory once in a lifetime for those who are able, and is one of the five…
Tamattu'
Tamattu' is one of three ways of combining umrah and hajj in a single journey. A pilgrim performs umrah first, exits ihram, then enters ihram again for hajj later in the same…
Qiran
Qiran is combining umrah and hajj under a single, continuous ihram, without exiting it between the two. Like tamattu', it requires a hady, a sacrificial offering. It is one of…